A wannan darasi na Fi}hu bayani zai gudana ne kan Zakka,wanda da shine zamu kammala sashen Ibadat bayan haka kuma zamu shiga sashen Mu’amalat.Kamar yadda aka ta~a bayani a darasin farko da aka gabatar a shekarun baya wannan darasi na Fi}hu a kan cewa Fi}hu yana da manyan ~angarori guda biyu sune:Sashen Ibadodi da kuma sashen Mu’amaloli. Alhamdu lillah sashen ibadodi wa]anda suka ha]a da Sallah,Azumi,Hajji da dai sauransu to an gabatar da darussa a kan su lokutan baya,ga mai bu}atar ganin wa]annan darussa dama wasu fannoni na ilimi da ake gabatarwa a wannan Shafi na Tambihi,yana iya dubawa a www.tambihi.net

          Bayani a wannan darasi zai kasance ne kan wa]annan ababe:

1-Ma’anar Zakka.

2-Hadisai kan Zakka.

3-Wanda Zakka ta wajaba a kansa.

4-Ababen da ake fitar ma Zakka.

5-Nisabin Zakka.

6-Wa]anda suka cancanci a basu Zakka.

7-Siffofin Wa]anda ake ba Zakka.

8-Hukunce-hukunce kan Zakka.

          1-Ma’anar Zakka:A Luggace ma’anar Zakka itace tsarkaka a wata ma’ana kuma tana nufin da]uwa wato abu yayi yawa.Amma a is]ilahin shari’a Zakka na nufin wata ibada ce ta dukiya wadda ake fitarwa a wasu ke~antattun ababe da kuma sharu]]a na musamman a kai.

          2-Hadisai kan Zakka:Akwai Hadisai masu yawa da aka ruwaito daga Manzon Allah[S] da kuma Aimma na Ahlul bayt[AS] kan abin da ya shafi Zakka ta fuskoki dabam-dabam ga misalan wasu daga ciki:An ruwaito daga Imam Sadiq[AS] ya ce, “Duk wanda ya hana wani abu na Zakka komin karancinsa to baya daga cikin Muminai ko Musulmi,in yaso ma ya mutu yana Bayahude ko Banasare.” A wani Hadisa kuma da aka ruwaito daga Imam Baqir[AS] ya ce, “Babu wani bawa wanda zai ki bada wani abu na zakkar dukiyarsa fa ce ranar Alkiyama Allah Ta’ala zai mai da abun maciji kuma a rataya masa a wuyansa ya dunga saran naman jikinsa har a gama hisabi.” A kuma wani Hadisi da a ka ruwaito daga Imam Sadiq[AS] ya ce, “Duk wanda ya hana Zakka to idan mutuwa ta zo masa sai ya nemi a dawo dashi duniya.” Da dai wasu Hadisai masu yawa da suka zo kan tsoratarwa kan hana Zakka.Idan muka juya kan Hadisan da suka zo kan falalar ba da Zakka ga misalan wasu:Manzon Allah[S] ya ce, “Idan kana so Allah ya albarkaci dukiyarka to ka fitar mata da Zakka.” Imam Ali[AS] ya ce, “Ku tsare dukiyarku da ba da Zakka.” A wata ruwaya kuma, “Ba da Zakka yana tunku]e mummunar mutuwa.” Da dai sauran Hadisai kan falalar fitar da Zakka.Haka nan akwai wasu Hadisai da aka ruwaito da suke bayanin wasu nau’oin Zakka na wasu ni’imomi da Allah Ta’ala ya yi ma bayinsa,ga misalai daga ciki:Imam Ali[AS] ya ce, “Zakkar jiki shine Azumi.Zakkar Shaja’a shine Jihadi fisabilillihi.Zakkar lafiya shine yin sa’ayi wajen yima Allah biyayya da kuma ibada.Zakkar kyau na halitta shine kamewa.Zakkar yelwa ta dukiya shine kyautata ma makwabta da kuma sadar da zumunci.” A kuma wani Hadisi da aka ruwaito daga Imam Sadiq[AS] ya ce, “Komi yana da Zakka,Zakkar ilimi shine koyar da ilimin.

          3-Wanda Zakka ta wajaba a kansa:Akwai wasu sharu]]a wanda sai sun kasance ga mutum Zakka take wajaba a kansa ga su:1-Balaga:Zakka bata wajaba akan wanda ba Baligi ba.Amma idan waliyyinsa ya yi masa kasuwanci da dukiya to ana so ya fitar masu da Zakka in ta kai Nisabin Zakkar.2-Hankali:Zakka ba ta wajaba ga mahaukaci ba ko ga dukiyar mahaukaci.3- [a ba Bawa ba:Zakka ba ta wajaba kan Bawa ba komin dukiyarsa.4-Nisabi:Zakka ba ta wajaba ga mutum ko da yana da dukiya sai idan abinda za a fitar ma zakkar ya kai matsayin Nisabi,bayaninsa insha Allah Zai zo nan gaba ka]an.Da dai sauran sharu]]a.

          4-Abubuwan da ake fitar ma Zakka:Ababen da ake fitar ma Zakka a mazhaba ta Ahlul bayt sun kasu gida biyu,akwai wa]anda suke wajibi ne a fitar masu da Zakka akwai kuma wa]anda suke mustahabbi ne a fitar masu da Zakka.Abubuwan da suke wajibi a fitar masu da Zakka guda tara ne sune:Cikin amfanin gona akwai guda hu]u,cikin dabbobi akwai guda ukku,cikin ku]i akwai guda biyu.Ga sunayensu:Amfanin gona da suke wajibi a fitar ma Zaka sune:1-Al-kama.2-Dabino.3-Sha’ir.4-Zabibi.wato shine Inabin da ya bushe.To duk sauran kayan gona wa]anda ba wa]annan da aka ambata ba mustahabbi ne fitar masu da Zakka misali masara,gero,shinkafa da dai sauransu na amfanin gona.A Dabbobi kuma sune:1-Ra}uma.2-Shanu.3-Tumaki\Awaki.A ku]i kuma sune:1-Zinare.2-Azurfa.

          5-Nisabin Zakka:Shine wani gwargwado ko matsayi na ababen da ake fitar ma Zakka da se in sun kai za a iya fitarwa,idan ko basu kai mi}darin ba komin }an}antar sa to babu Zakka a kai.Bayani na Nisabin Zakka yana cikin littafan Fi}hu ne na wa]annan makarantu guda biyu na Sunna da Shi’a,kuma idan mutum ya bincika ko ya karanta zai ga cewa Nisabin abubuwan da ake fitar ma Zakka sun yi kama da juna tsakanin Sunna da Shi’a wato sa~anin bai da yawa,in da kawai aka samu babban sa~ani shine cewa wasu abubuwa da suke wajibi ne a fitar ma Zakka a mazhabobi na Ahlus-Sunna to a mazhabar Ja’afariyya za ka samu cewa mustahabbi ne misali takardun ku]in da muke amfani dasu a sassan duniya dabam dabam wanda kusan kowace }asa ma tana da na ta,misali mu a wannan }asa muna da takardar ku]i da ake ce ma Naira to a mazhabar Ja’afariyya fitar da Zakka akan su ba wajibi ba ne mustahabbi ne,abin da ya wajaba akan su shine Khumusi.Amma a Malikiyya,Hanafiyya da kuma Shafi’iyya wajibi ne a fitar masu da Zakka idan sun kai Nisabi.A mazhabar Hanbaliyya suma sun tafi a kan cewa ba wajibi ba ne fitarwa irin wa]annan takardun ku]i da ake amfani dasu Zakka.Kasantuwar mafi yawan tambayoyi da ‘yan uwa suke tambaya shine kan Nisabin Zakkar Noma,za a ]an yi bayani a ta}aice a kai sauran bayani na Nisabin Zakkar Dabbobi da kuma Ku]i mutum na iya komawa a littafai na Fi}hu ko kuma a wata kalenda mai suna TIMING CHAPTER to in mutum ya duba a shafin }arshe na kalandar sun kawo bayanai dabam dabam na nisabin abubuwan da ake fitar ma da Zakka a kai ciki har da Nisbin Zakkar ku]i ta Naira.Ga bayani kan Nisabin Zakkar Noma,Nisabi na Zakkar hatsi da mutum zai fitar shine sai ya kai Wus}i biyar,yawan abin da yake cikin Wus}i shi ne Sa’i 300-]ari ukku-kowane Sa’i mudin Nabiy hu]u ne,saboda haka Sa’i 300 ya kama mudin Nabiy guda 1200-Dubu da ]ari biyu-misali idan mutum zai fitar da Zakkar Al-kama ko masara ko shinkafa to idan ya kai Sa’i 300 ko sama da haka Nisabin Zakkarsa shine 1\10-]aya bisa goma-idan manomin yayi amfani da ruwan sama ne wajen shukar amma idan ban ruwa ya yi amfani dashi wajen gudanar da shukar to zai ba da 1\20-]aya bisa ashirin-Wannan kenan a ta}aice sauran bayanai mutum ya koma ga Risala-amaliyya na Mujtahidin da yake Ta}lidi dashi.

          6-Wa]anda ake ba Zakka:Nau’oin mutanen da ake ba Zakka su takwas ne sune:1-Fa}irai.2-Miskinai.Banbanci tsakanin Fa}iri da Miskini shine Miskini yafi talautuwa kan Fa}iri wato yafi bu}atuwa kan Fa}iri,Shi kuma Fa}iri shine wanda bai da abincin shekara guda irin wanda ya dace da yanayinsa wato shi }ashin kansa ko kuma da iyalinsa.3-Masu aiki a kan Zakkar,wato sune wa]anda suke kai komo wajen tattaro Zakkar,da kula da ita da kuma lissafa ta,saboda haka suma ana basu Zakka sakamakon aikin da suke yi ko da ko su mawadata ne.4-Wa]anda ake jan zukatansu zuwa ga Musulunci kamar wa]anda ba Musulmi ba,ko kuma Musulmin da A}idunsu na da rauni wato suma ana basu saboda jawo hankalinsa zuwa ga sahihiyar A}ida ta Ahlul bayt .5-Wa]anda suke cikin }angin bauta,wato Bayi wa]anda aka yenke masu ku]in fansa,kuma basu da abinda zasu biya domin su samu ‘yan tuwa.6-Wa]anda ake bi bashi wato sune wa]anda bashi yayi katutu a kansu amma fa da shara]in cewa bashin da suka amsa ba da nufin sa~on Allah bane ko kuma da nufin yin almubazzaranci to suma ana basu Zakka domin su biya basussukan dake kansu idan basu da ikon biya.7-Ana ba da Zakka a tafarki na Fi sabilil lah wato duk wani abu na Addini ne ko na Duniya da ya kasance mas’laha ne ga Musulunci da Musulmi yin su to ana ba da Zakka domin yin su misali gina Makarantu ko Husainiyya ko Asibitoci ko ]aukar ]awainiyar [alibai masu karatu da dai sauransu.8-Matafiyin da guzuri ya yenke masa shima ana bashi Zakka ko da kuwa shi mawadaci ne a garinsu amma da shara]in ba tafiya ce ta sa~on Allah ba.

          7-Siffofin wa]anda ake ba Zakka:Kamar yadda aka yi bayani na mutanen da ake ba Zakka a sama,to ko da mutum ya na cikin ajin wa]anda ake ba Zakkar to akwai wasu siffofi sai yana dasu za a bashi da kuma wasu munanan ayyuka idan yana aikata su ba za a bashi ba ko da ko shi Fa}iri ne ko miskini.Ga wasu daga ciki:1-Ya kasance Mumini wato ba akasin haka ba sai dai domin janyo zukatansu zuwa ga tafarkin Ahlul bayt.2-Ba a ba da Zakka ga wanda yake aikata wasu munanan zunubai kamar shan giya ko zina da dai sauransu na kaba’irori,haka nan ba a ba da zakka ga wanda an san in an bashi zai je ya aikata wani aiki ne na sa~o da ita.3-Haka nan ba aba da Zakka ga wanda yake ciyar dashi wajibi ne kan mai ba da Zakkar misali matarsa ko ‘ya’yansa ko mahaifansa da dai sauransu.Amma akwai in da ya halatta ya baiwa matarsa Zakka misali tana da iyaye basu da halin ciyar da kansu to a nan yana iya ba ta Zakka domin ta kula dasu.4-Kar ya kasance Bahashime ne idan Zakkar ba ta Bahashime ba ne,wato wa]anda suke Hashimawa basu kar~ar Zakka sai in ta ‘yan uwansu Hashimawane,in da kawai za su iya kar~a sai dai idan a bisa lalura ne.

          8-Hukunce-hukunce kan Zakka:1-Ba wajibi ba ne idan mutum zai ba da Zakka ya kasance sai ya rarraba ta ga wa]annan nau’oin mutane takwas na wa]anda ake ba Zakka,a’a yana iya ba kowane nau’i daga cikinsu.2-Wajibi ne yin niyya lokacin fitar da Zakka.3-Haka nan bai halatta yin jinkiri ba wajen fitar da Zakka,ko kuma bayan an fitar da ita a yi jinkiri wajen ba da ita ga wa]anda suka cancanta.4-Abin da ya fi falala kuma ya fi zama ihtiya]i shine bayar da Zakkar zuwa ga Fa}ihi wato mujtahidin da mutum ya ke Ta}alidi dashi amma yin haka ba wajibi ba ne sai dai idan shine ya bu}aci haka.Wani tanbihi a nan shine A Zakka mutum zai iya raba ta da kansa amma a Khumusi bai da ikon haka sai dai ya kai ma Mujtahidi ko wakilin da mujtahidi ya ayyana akan amsa,in da kawai zai iya rabawa da kansa sai idan da izine daga wajensu.5-Ya halatta a ]auki Zakka daga wani gari zuwa wani gari,misali yana zaune a birni ne to in ya fitar da zakka zai iya ]auka ya ta fi da ita }auyensu domin ya raba a can ko da ko a in da ya baro ]in akwai wa]anda suka cancanci a ba su.6-Wanda ya kasance akwai Zakka a kansa ko a cikin dukiyarsa,sai kuma mutuwa ta riske shi to wajibi ne ya yi wasiyyar cewa a fitar da ita daga dukiyarsa.7-Mustahabbi ne wajen ba da Zakka a fifita dangi kan wasunsu,haka nan a fifita ma’abuta ilimi kan wasunsu,haka nan kuma a fifita ba wa]anda ba su ro}o a kan wa]anda suke ro}o,da dai sauran hukun-hukunce ga mai bu}atar ganinsu yana iya duba littafin Tahrirul-wasila ko littafi Zubda na Imam Khumaini.